coggroup September 2016

coggroup@mx1.psych.mcgill.ca

3 participants
7 discussions

[Coggroup] McGill Cognitive Area Seminar, Sep 30: The role of auditory and cross-modal entrainment on auditory gap detection performance
by Anna Zamm 30 Sep '16

30 Sep '16

Dear all, This week's Cognitive Area Seminar will be held on Friday (September 30, 3:30 - 5 PM, Room S3/4, Stewart Biology Building, 1205 Dr. Penfield Ave.). Our speaker is Anna-Katharina Bauer (PhD Candidate, University of Oldenburg, DE). Her talk is titled: *"The role of auditory and cross-modal entrainment on auditory gap detection performance."* For a full abstract, see below the dashed line. Please join us at this event! For our full schedule, please see: https://www.mcgill.ca/psychology/events-colloquia-0/brownbag-series -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *The role of auditory and cross-modal entrainment on auditory gap detection performance * Anna-Katharina Bauer, PhD Candidate, University of Oldenburg, DE Many natural auditory stimuli, such as speech and music, are characterized by rhythmic patterns, to which neural oscillations can become synchronized. The neural synchronization to environmental rhythms is called entrainment and is thought to shape human perception by optimizing cortical excitability to be high or low hen critical events are expected. Here, we will present two studies investigating the beneficial effects of unimodal (auditory) and cross-modal (visual to auditory) entrainment on auditory gap detection performance. In a human electroencephalography (EEG) study, we investigated the temporal evolution of neural entrainment to a 3 Hz frequency-modulated (FM) tone and assessed how entrainment modulated sensitivity to small gaps placed in the stimulus sequence. Two stimulus conditions were compared, an early (3.67s, 11 tone cycles) and a late condition (7.67s, 23 tone cycles): The former contained an one second time period prior to gap occurrence, and the latter contained a four second time period, allowing us to study the temporal evolution of entrainment. Gap detection performance and reaction times were modulated by the phase angle of the stimulus. Reaction times were faster for the late condition, suggesting stronger phase entrainment over time. Subsequent analysis of inter-trial phase coherence revealed a single peak in the 3 Hz frequency band. Taken together, these findings suggest that auditory entrainment evolves over time and thereby optimizes perceptual processing. In a multisensory environment our sensory systems are continuously receiving many inputs that are rarely independent from each other and are often interrelated. Indeed, visible events of precede and cause subsequent sounds. Therefore, we ask in a second study whether auditory perception can benefit from cortical phase reorganization introduced by the visual modality. We will propose a new paradigm for studying cross-modal entrainment and present preliminary results of a magnetoencephalographic (MEG) study, showing behavioral benefits of cross-modal compared to unimodal entrainment.

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Re: [Coggroup] McGill Cognitive Area Seminar, Sep 23 2016: Dr. Christopher Blair
by Anna Zamm 23 Sep '16

23 Sep '16

P.S. The location is STBIO (1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue), Room S3/4 On Fri, Sep 23, 2016 at 11:08 AM, Anna Zamm <anna.zamm(a)mail.mcgill.ca> wrote: > Dear all, > > A reminder that there is a Cognitive Colloquium today (Sep 23) at 3:30 > PM. See abstract below. > > > ------------------------------------------ > > *Effects of combined attention on early visual cortical processing: An ERP > investigation* > > Christopher David Blair & Jelena Ristic > > Previous attention research has shown that certain types of attentional > cues (such as those combining exogenous and endogenous effects, like > predictive arrows) can produce behavioral effects that are additive or > super-additive as compared to those produced by attentional cues that are > only either exogenous (such as non-predictive arrows) or endogenous (such > as predictive non-directional shapes). We sought to further examine these > effects when targets were presented at longer and shorter stimulus onset > asynchronies (SOAs), and to look at the accompanying brain activity in the > form of the P1 evoked potential using electroencephalography (EEG). At both > shorter and longer SOAs, we replicated a significant effect of cue > validity, by which participants responded faster to cued targets in all > cueing conditions. This effect was additive for predictive arrows at the > shorter SOAs and super additive at longer SOAs as compared to > non-predictive arrows and predictive shapes. Overall, our P1 data also > showed a significant effect for cue validity, and our additivity measures > reflect a pattern similar to our behavioral results at the shorter SOAs. > However, it appears that there may be an opposing effect at the longer > SOAs, with predictive arrows producing an underadditive P1 amplitude > difference. > Given these results, we extended our analyses to examine the frequency > information present in our EEG data, focusing on the alpha band where > higher power and synchronization is thought to be representative of > suppression. Time frequency analysis of lateralized alpha power following > cue onset showed higher power recorded at electrode sites corresponding to > the hemisphere ipsilateral to cue direction, but only for predictive and > non-predictive arrow conditions. A similar pattern is observed when > comparing alpha power in response to cued and uncued target appearance. > Thus, we have yet to find a neural measure that perfectly correlates with > the relationship observed between behavioral measures of attention related > to cues that produce combined, exogenous, and endogenous effects. > > On Mon, Sep 19, 2016 at 10:17 AM, Anna Zamm <anna.zamm(a)mail.mcgill.ca> > wrote: > >> Dear all, >> >> >> Post-doctoral fellow *Dr. Christopher Blair *(Ristic Lab) will be giving >> the first Fall 2016 Cognitive Area Seminar talk this *Friday, September >> 23rd, 3:30 - 5 PM *(Room S3/4, Stewart Biology Building, 1205 Docteur >> Penfield Avenue). The talk is titled, "Effects of combined attention on >> early visual cortical processing: An ERP investigation." >> >> >> For a full abstract, see below the dashed line. Please join us at this >> event! >> >> >> If you are unable to attend this week's talk, there will be more >> opportunities. Please see our full talk schedule @: >> http://www.mcgill.ca/psychology/events-colloquia-0/brownbag-series. >> >> >> Looking forward to an exciting semester, and hope that you are able to >> attend! >> >> ----------------------- >> >> *Effects of combined attention on early visual cortical processing: An >> ERP investigation* >> >> Christopher David Blair & Jelena Ristic >> >> Previous attention research has shown that certain types of attentional >> cues (such as those combining exogenous and endogenous effects, like >> predictive arrows) can produce behavioral effects that are additive or >> super-additive as compared to those produced by attentional cues that are >> only either exogenous (such as non-predictive arrows) or endogenous (such >> as predictive non-directional shapes). We sought to further examine these >> effects when targets were presented at longer and shorter stimulus onset >> asynchronies (SOAs), and to look at the accompanying brain activity in the >> form of the P1 evoked potential using electroencephalography (EEG). At both >> shorter and longer SOAs, we replicated a significant effect of cue >> validity, by which participants responded faster to cued targets in all >> cueing conditions. This effect was additive for predictive arrows at the >> shorter SOAs and super additive at longer SOAs as compared to >> non-predictive arrows and predictive shapes. Overall, our P1 data also >> showed a significant effect for cue validity, and our additivity measures >> reflect a pattern similar to our behavioral results at the shorter SOAs. >> However, it appears that there may be an opposing effect at the longer >> SOAs, with predictive arrows producing an underadditive P1 amplitude >> difference. >> Given these results, we extended our analyses to examine the frequency >> information present in our EEG data, focusing on the alpha band where >> higher power and synchronization is thought to be representative of >> suppression. Time frequency analysis of lateralized alpha power following >> cue onset showed higher power recorded at electrode sites corresponding to >> the hemisphere ipsilateral to cue direction, but only for predictive and >> non-predictive arrow conditions. A similar pattern is observed when >> comparing alpha power in response to cued and uncued target appearance. >> Thus, we have yet to find a neural measure that perfectly correlates with >> the relationship observed between behavioral measures of attention related >> to cues that produce combined, exogenous, and endogenous effects. >> >> >

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[Coggroup] McGill Cognitive Area Seminar, Sep 23 2016: Dr. Christopher Blair
by Anna Zamm 23 Sep '16

23 Sep '16

Dear all, Post-doctoral fellow *Dr. Christopher Blair *(Ristic Lab) will be giving the first Fall 2016 Cognitive Area Seminar talk this *Friday, September 23rd, 3:30 - 5 PM *(Room S3/4, Stewart Biology Building, 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue). The talk is titled, "Effects of combined attention on early visual cortical processing: An ERP investigation." For a full abstract, see below the dashed line. Please join us at this event! If you are unable to attend this week's talk, there will be more opportunities. Please see our full talk schedule @: http://www.mcgill.ca/psychology/events-colloquia-0/brownbag-series. Looking forward to an exciting semester, and hope that you are able to attend! ----------------------- *Effects of combined attention on early visual cortical processing: An ERP investigation* Christopher David Blair & Jelena Ristic Previous attention research has shown that certain types of attentional cues (such as those combining exogenous and endogenous effects, like predictive arrows) can produce behavioral effects that are additive or super-additive as compared to those produced by attentional cues that are only either exogenous (such as non-predictive arrows) or endogenous (such as predictive non-directional shapes). We sought to further examine these effects when targets were presented at longer and shorter stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs), and to look at the accompanying brain activity in the form of the P1 evoked potential using electroencephalography (EEG). At both shorter and longer SOAs, we replicated a significant effect of cue validity, by which participants responded faster to cued targets in all cueing conditions. This effect was additive for predictive arrows at the shorter SOAs and super additive at longer SOAs as compared to non-predictive arrows and predictive shapes. Overall, our P1 data also showed a significant effect for cue validity, and our additivity measures reflect a pattern similar to our behavioral results at the shorter SOAs. However, it appears that there may be an opposing effect at the longer SOAs, with predictive arrows producing an underadditive P1 amplitude difference. Given these results, we extended our analyses to examine the frequency information present in our EEG data, focusing on the alpha band where higher power and synchronization is thought to be representative of suppression. Time frequency analysis of lateralized alpha power following cue onset showed higher power recorded at electrode sites corresponding to the hemisphere ipsilateral to cue direction, but only for predictive and non-predictive arrow conditions. A similar pattern is observed when comparing alpha power in response to cued and uncued target appearance. Thus, we have yet to find a neural measure that perfectly correlates with the relationship observed between behavioral measures of attention related to cues that produce combined, exogenous, and endogenous effects.

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[Coggroup] Cognitive Area Seminar attendance
by Résia Morais 15 Sep '16

15 Sep '16

Dear, My name is Resia Morais, I am a psychologist and professor at FPM University in Brazil, and I am going to spend a few days in Montreal at the end of September. I just saw at the McGill website that the University is going to have a seminar about the Cognitive Area, and I would like to know if it’s possible to attend the one presented on September 30 by Mrs. Katharina Bauer, if it’s open to outsiders and if it has any fees. Also, I am always looking for ways to improve the method and quality of teaching and researching in Brazil, and I would love to talk a little bit with any of your professors or students about the psychology area here in Canada, and maybe have a quick visit at the University facilities. I by no means intend to take too much of anyone’s time, so whatever time somebody would have to chat with me would be more than appreciated. Thank you for your consideration. Best regards, *Résia Silva de Morais*CRP-MG 04/31203 Psicóloga Clínica em TCC e Psicopedagoga - UFU Professora Universitária - FPM Mestre em Psicologia da Saúde - UFU

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[Coggroup] (no subject)
by Youngja Nam 08 Sep '16

08 Sep '16

Our first talk of the semester will be on September 23rd 2016.

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[Coggroup] McGill Cognitive Area Seminar: Prof. Otto's talk rescheduled for Oct 21st 2016
by Anna Zamm 08 Sep '16

08 Sep '16

Dear all, In case you didn't get the message sent earlier this week, Friday's Cognitive Area Seminar will be rescheduled due to a conflict with a grad orientation event: *Professor Ross' talk will be held on October 21st, 2016.* *Our first talk of the semester will be on September 23rd 2016*. Further notice will be sent closer to date. Apologies for any inconvenience.

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[Coggroup] McGill Cognitive Area Seminar, Sep 9 2016: Professor Ross Otto
by Anna Zamm 01 Sep '16

01 Sep '16

Dear all, New Psychology faculty member *Professor Ross Otto *will be giving the first Fall 2016 Cognitive Area Seminar talk next *Friday, September 9th, 3:30 - 5 PM *(Room S3/4, Stewart Biology Building, 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue). The talk is titled, "Feeling Lucky: Unexpected but Incidental Positive Outcomes Predict Real World Gambling." For a full abstract, see below the dashed line. Please join us at this event! If you are unable to attend this week's talk, there will be more opportunities. Please see our full talk schedule @: http://www.mcgill.ca/ psychology/events-colloquia-0/brownbag-series. Looking forward to an exciting semester, and hope that you are able to attend! --------------------------------------- *Feeling Lucky: Unexpected but Incidental Positive Outcomes Predict Real World Gambling* Ross Otto, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, McGill University Positive mood can affect a person’s tendency to gamble, possibly because positive mood fosters unrealistic optimism. At the same time, unexpected positive outcomes, often called prediction errors, influence mood. However, a linkage between positive prediction errors —the difference between expected and obtained outcomes—and consequent risk taking has yet to be demonstrated. Using a large data set of New York City lottery gambling and a model inspired by computational accounts of reward learning, we found that people gamble more when incidental outcomes in the environment (e.g., local sporting events and sunshine) are better than expected. When local sports teams performed better than expected, or a sunny day followed a streak of cloudy days, residents gambled more. The observed relationship between prediction errors and gambling was ubiquitous across the city’s socioeconomically diverse neighborhoods and was specific to sports and weather events occurring locally in New York City. Our results suggest that unexpected but incidental positive outcomes influence risk taking. Ongoing and future research in this line of work will also be discussed.

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coggroup September 2016